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Phoenix Dactylifera
Medjool Date Palm
Edible Date Palm
Planting Edible Date Palms in Florida
All
true edible date
palm trees, are desert plants, originally from the Middle East. They
don’t grow naturally in areas that receive lots of rain each year, most
of it during the six warmest months, with the water-table at two to six
feet. Where they are native, dates get 20 to 40 inches of rain per year,
which falls in the Winter, and Summers are hot and dry, with low
humidity. In such a climate the environment favors the palms over the
disease-causing organisms. In our climate, the environment favors the
disease-causing organisms, not desert palms. They do well in California,
especially in the deserts, where it rains a lot less than it does in
Florida or the South East U.S. It is extremely rare to find dates (the
fruit) produced in Florida which are edible. Failure to fruit or ripen
fruit is an indication of a plant that is not being adapted to it's
growing area.
All Date Palm
Trees grown by Hardy Palm Tree Farm are grown from seed in Florida.
Most Medjool
Date Palm Trees sold in Florida come from California fruit producers
that are selling off the older, less productive cultivars to make room
for newer, better fruiting cultivars.
CHOOSE THE BETTER CULTIVARS.
Though no edible
date palms are well adapted to South Florida, some can do well in north
Florida and the South East US if planted correctly. It is best to choose
cultivars reported
to be more tolerant of humidity and rain. Julia Morton, in her book
Fruits of warm climates, recommends the
following:
a.) The cultivars
most tolerant of humidity and rain: ‘Halaway’, ‘Khadrawy’, and ‘Kaktoom’.
b.) The cultivar
‘Medjool’ is intermediate in its tolerance of humidity and rain.
c.) Hardy Farms
does not sell
‘Zahdi’,
‘Deglet Noor’ cultivars which
are not at all tolerant of humidity and rain, therefore are not good
candidates for growing well in Florida: ‘Zahdi’ and ‘Deglet Noor,’
are the ones most often offered for sale in Florida.
After choosing the
best palms, these recommendations should help you succeed.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE.
1. Plant them high.
Raise the bed, and be sure that no water stands around the roots or in
the bottom of the hole. If there’s water in the planting hole, it’s not
a suitable site for a date.
2. Plant them in
sand, not muck, not marl.
It
must drain well.
3. Maintain an area
around the tree weed-free and flower-free. Don’t plant anything around
them, especially not turf. For sure, nothing that needs to be watered.
4. Water them
during a respectable establishment period (a few months), then almost
never again.
5. Keep a very
close eye on them. At the first sign of trouble get a diagnosis and
treat the problem. There are many problems for which there are no
treatments available, but treat anything you can treat, and do so
promptly.
6. Be very
attentive to the nutritional needs of your palm. Florida soils are
nutrient-poor and typically have a pH above 8.0. Use a “palm special”
fertilizer formulation, and apply 1.5 lbs./100 square feet four times
per year, during the warm months. And keep an eye out for deficiency
symptoms, especially potassium and the trace elements.
7. If you lose a
date palm, it would be best not to put another one in that spot.
If you must put another one there, first remove as much soil as you can,
and replace it with clean sand.
8. Avoid planting
in pairs (one may die and spoil the design).
Min.Temp. 19 F / -7.2 C
USDA Zone 8b
EGF Zone H4
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